In plain language
Partial or complete disruption of the tendon attaching biceps to the radial tuberosity, affecting supination and elbow-flexion strength.
Clinical Significance & Management
Complete tears generally do not reattach to their original footprint spontaneously. Repair is often considered for high functional demands; nonoperative care can suit lower demands or greater surgical risk, accepting weakness. Early assessment preserves options.
Symptoms & Clinical Presentation
Anterior elbow pop, bruising, swelling or changed contour
Weak supination and reduced lifting endurance
Etiology & Injury Mechanisms
- Sudden forced extension against resistance
- Smoking and certain drug exposures may increase risk
Diagnostics & Imaging Guide
Clinician assessment of continuity, Hook test and supination
Ultrasound or MRI for uncertain/partial tears; radiographs for bone injury
Treatment Options
Protection and rehabilitation for selected partial tears
Discuss repair for complete tears and risks such as nerve injury or stiffness
Rehabilitation Milestones & Timeline
Rehabilitation depends on the diagnosis, procedure and associated injuries. Progression requires assessment of healing, symptoms and function; elapsed time or a single test cannot determine readiness for sport.
Protection
Brace as directed; avoid resisted flexion and supination
Recovery
Progress motion before strengthening under clearance
Return
Assess strength, endurance and task loading; recovery commonly takes months
Evidence-Based Clarifications
Preserved flexion or reduced pain does not exclude complete rupture. Proximal and distal tears have different consequences.
Sources & References
Educational clinical definitions synthesized from AAOS, Cleveland Clinic, Mayo Clinic, and HSS. Individual diagnosis and surgery require professional medical evaluation.
Publication date
Content updated